TA Instruments部落格

我喜歡在廚房裡做實驗，尤其是烘焙和製作甜點。為了慶祝圓周率日，讓我們把科學和實驗帶進廚房，用餡餅麵團和餡料......還有流變儀。

鋰離子電池 (LIB) 由多種活性及非活性材料組成，並經多步驟工藝製造而成。材料選擇和製程條件會極大地影響電池的最終性能。

從配方開發到商業配方的進展，皆取決於最終藥物的劑量強度、內在穩定性和蛋白質自結合程度。1 這是因為該藥物的研發已進入最後階段。

Against the backdrop of a plastic waste crisis, the global demand for plastic is set to quadruple by 2060. This has driven a shift toward sustainability and away from linear use models of plastic production. Post-consumer resin (PCR) has emerged as a key player in circular economy initiatives, though ensuring the quality and performance of PCR requires several characterization considerations.

藥物開發是個漫長而複雜的過程，從探索開始，一直到讓政府批准上市才算成功。如下所述，藥物開發過程中的每個步驟都有特定的目標，旨在篩選出適合的活性化合物和候選原料，最終得到已核准的原料藥。

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) form the backbone of virtually all electronic applications. Enhancing their performance and reliability is paramount for custom PCB projects, where smaller footprints and improved maintainability lead to enhanced functionality.

The most popular tool used to characterize binding in the late-discovery phase of drug development is isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). ITC is a high-resolution method for complete characterization of the basic chemical details of a binding interaction. The calorimeters accomplish this by measuring the heat that is released or absorbed when molecules interact with each other.

Drug development is a long and complex process that starts with discovery and, if successful, ends with government approval for marketing. Each step in the drug development process, outlined below, has specific goals with the aim of down-selecting appropriate hits and candidates to an approved drug substance.

在整個 18 世紀，許多科學家都對熱的本質提出了質疑。艾薩克·牛頓 (Isaac Newton) 認為熱能是透過粒子的震動傳遞的，而勞勃·虎克 (Robert Hooke) 則認為熱能是人體各部位運動而產生的一種特性1。然而，在歷史上第一個眾所周知對熱量進行測量的貢獻者是蘇格蘭醫生和化學家約瑟夫·布拉克 (Joseph Black)1。1761 年，他透過精確的測量發現，對達熔點的冰或達沸點的水施加熱量並不會導致溫度變化1。這個觀察結果使他成為第一個區分溫度和熱量的科學家，標誌了熱力學的開端。

We expect a lot from our composites: rocket materials need to endure the heat of takeoff, wind turbines must withstand high wind gusts, and sneakers are expected to be durable and supportive on long runs. How do experts develop composites tailored to such specific uses and verify their properties?